If the overhang (cantilever) is to be on the stool-side only 2-1/2" of thickness isn't near enough. Also there is no substantial way of attaching anything to the edge of stacked OSB.
I have built many bar tops from 2X4's with 3/4" plywood tops. THEN you have plenty of meat to attach backerboard to the edges and the cantilever will support the weight of someone pushing himself up off a stool using the overhang to do so.

Chair rail can then be attached to the edge and additional stone can be installed below the chair rail to cover the remaining 2-3/4" (+-) of area below the rail.

Framing walls at 30" isn't the best idea either if I am understanding what you propose.

Those are my thoughts anyway.
